Digital Combo, Tonewheel & Pipe Organ
Reviews : Keyboard
The Nord C2D expands on the
success of its predecessor with an improved Hammond emulation and the
addition, for the first time, of real drawbars.
Clavia have been recreating the sounds of organs for many years. The company started with their Hammond emulation in the 'piano plus organ' Electro series, and later added Vox and Farfisa models alongside a basic polysynth in the Stage series. Inevitably, the different requirements of the piano, organ and synth sections led to design compromises, so I was delighted when they separated the organs from the rest and gave them an impressive new, dual-manual home in the original Nord C1. Next, the company added a sampled baroque organ, which marked the most significant upgrade from the C1 to the C2. But, while the sounds and treatments improved at each step, the philosophy of the control panel remained the same, wherein the player was constrained to imitating the pulling and pushing of drawbars, or the switching on and off of tabs (or even, on the C2, the pulling out and pushing in of organ stops) by pressing so-called 'drawbuttons' that moved virtual controls and displayed their resulting positions using rows of illuminated LEDs. This meant that anyone whose performances relied on 'playing' drawbars or instantly flipping multiple switches had to look elsewhere, and, given the number of the so-called clonewheel organs with physical drawbars, this must have cost Clavia sales.
Today, however, there's the Nord C2D, resplendent in
its new burgundy livery and sporting a full set of 38 (sort of)
drawbars. Of course, there's much that remains the same on the C2 and
the C2D, so, rather than cover these pages with regurgitated facts and
opinions, please allow me to direct you to my reviews of the C1 (SOS
April 2008) and C2 (SOS February 2010), which will tell you much of what
you want to know. In this review, we'll concentrate primarily on the
features that differentiate them.
The Hammond Model
The most significant change is, of course, the addition of the drawbars. You might think that there's nothing to say about this other than, 'hey, it's now got a full set of drawbars!' But you would be wrong...
To understand this, you have to be aware that on a C1
or C2, selecting a program not only recalls the sound, it sets the
'virtual' drawbars (or switches or stops) to the positions defined
within that sound, and illuminates its LED read-outs accordingly. The
C2D doesn't have motorised drawbars and has no such LEDs. For any given
sound, it shows you if a drawbar is active or not (which is fine for the
on/off switches and stops of the Farfisa and pipe organs), but not the
amount by which a drawbar is extended in the Hammond and Vox emulations.
Furthermore, unlike some other Hammond emulators, there's no page on
the new, 16 x 2-character LCD to display the registration. You can edit
within its menus much more quickly and, for the first time, name Nord
C-series patches sensibly, but you can't see what sound is going to
emerge when you press the next note. What's more, pressing the
drawbuttons on the C2 immediately edited the selected sound. The C2D
doesn't allow this; you have to hold down the appropriate Preset button
and then move the drawbars to edit an existing sound. This requires both
hands, so many players will find it to be a significant shortcoming,
because it means that you can't 'play' the drawbars if your starting
point is any memory other than the continuously updated, non-volatile
'Live' setting. This is actually no different from a genuine Hammond, on
which it's only when you press the reversed A# or B keys (which select
the left-hand and right-hand sets of drawbars on each manual,
respectively) that the drawbars can be used to create new sounds.
Nonetheless, I think that Clavia should consider addressing this,
because it's a backward step.
The topic of selecting presets on the C2D now arises.
In addition to the A# and B keys mentioned above, a console-style
Hammond has 10 further reversed keys to the left of the manuals that
allow the player to chose from nine preset sounds, plus silence, for
each. Consequently, I'm delighted to see that the C2D now has its preset
selectors positioned on two small panels to the left of the manuals,
and that the buttons that select the drawbars have been duplicated here.
In many ways, this is equivalent to having the G, G#, A, A# and B
selector keys of a genuine Hammond reinstated. Unfortunately, two of
them are the wrong way round: the Nord's 'A' buttons are where the 'B'
buttons should be, and vice-versa, which means that you will forever be
hitting the wrong one and wondering where your percussion has gone!
Please, Clavia, swap these over immediately. And, while you're at it,
you could change the chorus/vibrato selector from the existing button
and LEDs to a nice, big knob, which would make selection much quicker
and more positive.
Turning to the drawbars themselves, these don't feel
the same as a vintage Hammond's because they're not connected to the
electro-mechanical gubbins of mid-20th century technology. You might
think that this would make them lighter in operation but, in fact, the
converse is true; those on the review unit need to loosen up a bit
because you can't flick them in and out in the same way as on my A100.
The C2D, in a departure from the electronic drawbars offered by the C2, is equipped with 38 physical drawbars.Changes to the (already excellent) Hammond emulation include noticeable improvements to the percussion and the key-click. Less significant is the change to the 'key bounce' (the relationship between the speed at which you release a key and the loudness of the resulting click) because, unless the key (on) click is far too loud for my tastes, I hear little difference in the key (off) click. It would be much more impressive to take advantage of the C2D's velocity-sensitive keyboards and model the slight spreading of the actuation of each of the pitches in the registration as you play with lesser and lesser velocity, as on a genuine Hammond. It would also be nice to see the Hammond's Normal/Soft loudness switch added to the panel. It may seem trivial, but I sometimes find it useful to be able to flip a single switch to reduce the volume by a fixed amount or, perhaps more usefully, raise it (and therefore the amount of drive at the Leslie's preamp) by the same amount.
In addition to updating the Hammond model, Clavia have
added a new Leslie rotary speaker model and tweaked the overdrive
simulation, which can add anything from a gentle purr to a heavily
distorted scream. There are three Leslie options in the Sound menu:
a Leslie 122, a close-miked Leslie 122, and a Leslie 145 (which is
mechanically the same as a 122 but housed in a smaller enclosure).
Despite a paucity of controls — for example, there are no parameters for
microphone placement, and just one for the fast and slow speeds of each
of the rotor and horn — the C-series' rotary speaker effects were
always good. Happily, the C2D's is considerably improved by the addition
of a rotor/horn balance parameter, variable from 70/30 to 30/70 in
steps of 10. I find that genuine Leslies have much woodier sounds than
manufacturers of digital emulators tend to choose and, for me, being
able to set the C2D's rotor/horn balance to 70/30 is a huge improvement.
Let me offer an example: some Hammonds 'leak' even when
no notes are depressed. (Leakage is a background sound caused when the
pickup for one tonewheel 'overhears' stray signal from another
tonewheel. This, together with the almost inevitable broadband noise
generated by the vintage electronics, helps to give Hammond organs their
characteristic, throaty quality.) By selecting the Vintage 3 mode (the
noisiest of the four underlying modes for the Nord's Hammond sounds) you
can recreate a road-weary, battered and leaky instrument on the C2D.
Played through a preamp or one of the non-rotary amplifier models, the
higher frequencies of the leakage are perhaps a little too noticeable
but, when played through one of the Leslie models with the rotor/horn
balance leaning toward the rotor, the effect is magical. My only gripe
is that both the underlying model and the choice of Leslie are global
settings rather than preset-specific, which is a great shame. Hmm...
that's not quite true. I have another gripe, because Clavia still sell
their half-moon switch as an optional extra. Maybe I'm being greedy, but
I feel that this should be part of the standard package because you
would rarely (if ever) play without one.
Vox, Farfisa & Baroque Organs
Unlike the Hammond model, the Vox emulation is not a perfect recreation of the original, although the sound closely resembles the Vox Continental II. Even further from the original, the Farfisa emulation remains evocative rather than strictly accurate, and there seems to be a small bug in the way that the STR16 and FLUTE8 tabs interact. It's not a problem (I've used Farfisas with much more significant faults), but it's something that Clavia could perhaps address in the next OS revision. What's more, using physical drawbars to emulate the switches on the Farfisa isn't ideal, and a more thorough make-over might have added tabs as well as drawbars, although this would have resulted in greater size, weight and cost, which I'm sure that Clavia wanted to avoid. Don't misunderstand me; both the Vox and Farfisa emulations are as good as they always were but, in truth, I think that they are beginning to suffer a little in comparison with the increasing quality of the Hammond emulation, so maybe it's time for Clavia's engineers to re-address them and bring them up to the same standard.
The 21 stops, tremulants and various couplers of the
baroque organ are — as far as I can tell — the same on the C2D as on the
C2, with one possible exception. When reviewing the C2, I noted that
the 8' Principal in the Great was not just an octave lower, it exhibited
less harmonic content than the 4' Principal on the Swell. On the C2D,
the 8' Principal is the brighter and more strident of the two. Have
Clavia modified the samples underlying the pipe organ? I must admit that
I don't know, and you shouldn't care. It still sounds superb, and
that's what matters.
Further Observations
At the back of the C2D are three quarter-inch inputs for swell, rotary control and sustain pedals, a USB port, MIDI I/O ports and an input for a bass pedal (also on a five-pin DIN socket), a 3.5mm monitor input, left, right and headphone outputs on quarter-inch jack sockets and, finally, a high-level quarter-inch jack output and 11-pin socket for driving a rotary speaker.
Elsewhere, the C2D continues to be identical with the C2. For example, the I/O still comprises line-level stereo outputs, high-level outputs (on quarter-inch and 11-pin connections) for a genuine Leslie speaker, a headphones output, three control inputs, MIDI In and Out, a USB socket for updating the OS and using the Sound Manager (see box), and a dedicated MIDI input for bass pedals. The final socket is a 3.5mm stereo input for monitoring external sources such as MP3 players. Unfortunately, the C2D shares the C2's inability to output the audio received at this input other than through its headphone socket, which was daft in 2010, and still is. On the bright side, the C2D retains the C2's ability to route the output from its Hammond emulation to its dedicated Leslie outputs while sending its other organ sounds to the standard quarter-inch outputs. This is an excellent feature, and I would certainly want to take advantage of it on stage. Mind you, I wouldn't dream of taking a C2D on the road without a real flightcase. The presence of the drawbars on the uppermost surface means that it's impossible to place a Minimoog on top of it or jump onto it and soak up the adulation of the audience after a gig. It also means that the drawbars are susceptible to damage and, although Clavia supply a soft case for the C2D, a solid road-case would be a necessity, rather than a luxury.
Any other negative thoughts I've had about the C2D have
been minor. For example, the effects knobs are potentiometers rather
than encoders, which means that when you load a program, the values of
the parameters will probably be different from the knobs' physical
positions, so when you turn a knob, the parameter jumps instantly to its
current position. Not exactly a deal-breaker, is it? Likewise, I'm not
a fan of the Synth Bass because you have to use the Shift key and menus
to set it up. Big deal, huh? Talking of the bass sounds, if you've just
won the lottery, Clavia will happily sell you their expensive Pedal Keys
27 pedalboard to accompany the C2D. Weighing almost as much as the
organ itself, this is a linear rather than radial board, which seems
a little odd, but it includes a swell pedal in the right position, which
is welcome.
Having digested all of the above, you're no doubt
gagging to know whether the C2D lives up to its billing as one of the
best Hammond emulators ever built. Fear not... When I carried out
a careful comparison against my A100 and Leslie 147, I was impressed.
Hammonds and Leslies are wondrous beasties, but I don't gig with them
because I hate moving them, and I'm confident that neither the audience
nor anyone in the band would hear a difference if I used a C2D. Sure,
I would notice the difference — the actions of its manuals as well as
its drawbars are a little heavier than those of the vintage organ — but
I'm confident that a few years' hammering would loosen things up nicely.
I only wish that I could play one model (say, the Hammond) on one
manual, and another (say, the Farfisa) on the other. I can guess at why
the current DSP architecture would not support this, but it's nice to
dream.
Conclusions
Given the quality of the existing Hammond emulation, and assuming that Clavia will eventually update the Vox and Farfisa models, I wonder if it's now time for the company to turn their attention elsewhere. There are numerous electronic organs that are not large Hammonds, Voxes or Farfisas. So perhaps the most overlooked organs are now the 'other' family of Hammond tonewheel organs: the L-series so famously tortured by Keith Emerson and allegedly used as the basis of the haunting pads in Vangelis's early music, and the T-series that provided the delicate organ sounds of mid-period Genesis. These 'Spinets' have their own character, and might be an excellent choice for the fifth organ in the next generation of the C-series. While you're at it, Mr Clavia, please add a control that mimics the switching off and back on of the organ to create the dramatic pitch-bends of the era. I can't play 'Stagnation' from Genesis's Trespass without it.
In the meantime, it would be silly to claim that the
Nords are anything other than superb instruments. The Hammond emulation
is better than ever, and the Leslie simulation is much improved, to the
extent that the C2D may now be the most realistic of all the
clonewheels. In addition, the Vox and Farfisa models, while not perfect,
remain highly valuable additions, as does the lovely baroque organ. So
why would you choose not to buy one?
The answer lies in the way you approach the Hammond. If
you treat the drawbars as part of the playing surface, the C2D is
a step forward. If you don't, the original C2 offers the advantages of
showing you the sound you're about to play and allowing you to modify it
freely whenever you choose. Consequently, I hope Clavia continue to
supply both models. Each will have its fans, especially since the new OS
v2 for the C2 installs the Hammond organ and Leslie 122 from the C2D,
plus minor updates and bug fixes. If you already have a C2, the original
'Rotary B' speaker model is sacrificed to make way for the new
features, but I still can't imagine why you wouldn't rush to download
the free update.
So, to C2D or not to C2D? That is the question. If you
want drawbars, the answer is self-evident. If you're an aficionado of
the drawbuttons and LEDs of the C2, yet prefer the sound of the C2D, you
can have both. I just hope that the price difference (the C2D is
currently more expensive than the C2) will diminish. If you're
undecided about which way to jump, it currently makes the C2 look just
a little too attractive! .
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